Diseases of the cardiovascular system, congenital malformations
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Diseases of the circulatory system: congenital malformations – a challenge from birth Cardiovascular diseases are deservedly regarded as one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. But while many of these diseases occur in adulthood, there is a special group that is already present at birth: the angebornen Heart malformation (congenital Heart malformations, short-CHD – congenital heart defects). Every year, about 800 to 1000 children in Germany, with such a malformation to the world – the equivalent of an average of one out of every 100 newborns. These Figures show: Congenital malformation of the Heart no Exotikum, but a real challenge for medicine, and for the families of affected children. What is congenital Heart malformations are? It is structural abnormalities of the heart or the large blood vessels that arise during embryonic development, mostly in the first 6 to 8 weeks of pregnancy. The causes are varied and often complex: genetic factors (e.g., chromosomal disorders like Down's syndrome); Environmental factors and infections during pregnancy (such as rubella); Taking certain medications; Diabetes of the mother; in many cases, the exact cause remains unknown. The spectrum of malformations is enormous: From relatively harmless defects that often or at all cause no symptoms, to life-threatening anomalies must be immediately after the birth of surgery. Among the most common forms: Atrial septal defect (ASD): an Opening between the two Atria of the heart; Chamber septal defect (VSD): a hole in the wall between the chambers of the heart; Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): an open Botallus-tubules, which normally closes after birth; Tetralogy of Fallot: a complex malformation with four distinctive characteristics that can cause a blue discoloration (cyanosis). Diagnosis and treatment: advances give hope A major advance of modern medicine, early detection is. The ultrasound examination in the mother's womb (fetal chokardiographie) can be used to diagnose many Cardiac malformations in pregnancy. This allows for a specific preparation for the birth and the immediate treatment after birth. Also, the treatment options have improved dramatically. What appeared in front of 50 years, still hopeless, is often not feasible: Cardiac surgery: complex operations, in order to close Defects or vascular gradients redirect. Catheter interventions: a minimally invasive procedure in which a vein, a catheter into the heart is pushed to close, for example, a hole with a screen. Thanks to this progress, more than 90% of children survive today, with congenital Heart malformations in the first year of life, and many of them lead an almost normal life. Life with a Heart malformation: more than just medicine However, the treatment does not end with the healing of physical defect. Affected children and their families need long-term psycho-social support. Regular medical checks, may be life-long medication, and sometimes limitations in the sports part of everyday life. That is why it is so important to be informed about these diseases and advance the research further. Strategies for prevention, earlier methods of diagnosis and less invasive treatment procedures are not the target. Because each beat of the heart of a child and any Chance at a healthy life needs to be used.
Ang arteryal na hypertension o hypertension ay isang kondisyon ng patuloy na systolic at diastolic na presyon ng dugo, kung saan ang mga sukatan ay lumalagpas sa 140/90 mmHg. Ang mataas na presyon ay nagpapakita ng mga hindi komportableng sintomas. Diseases of the cardiovascular system, congenital malformations. Ang presyon ng dugo ay isa sa mga pangunahing indikasyon ng kalusugan, na hindi lamang sumasalamin sa puso at sistema ng sirkulasyon, kundi pati na rin sa aktibidad ng mga bato, mga organo ng endokrin, paggawa ng dugo, at ng sistema ng nerbiyos. Kaya naman, walang isang unibersal na gamot laban sa mataas na presyon ng dugo. Hindi ka basta basta puwedeng pumunta sa botika at magtanong ng 'tableta para sa presyon,' kasi agad na tatanungin ng parmasyutiko – anong gamot ang nireseta sa iyo ng doktor?
Cardiovascular disease images for presentations
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Contribution to the theme of cardiovascular disease
http://h25525tb.beget.tech/posts/33251-the-dead-of-cardiovascular-diseases.html
https://test.onehat.ru/posts/4855-cardiovascular-disease-factors.html
Constant high levels of stress can disturb the blood flow and blood pressure and can damage vessels, and you may experience dizziness, extreme fatigue, or body aches with no wish to get out of bed. This stress-induced fatigue can make your blood pressure high and needs to be monitored. People have long used Hawthorne berries for treating high bp, heart issues, and cholesterol levels. A number of Clinical research conclude that it improves cardiovascular function, shortness of breath, and fatigue. In another study, 1200 mg hawthorn extract or placebo was taken by hypertension patients for 16 weeks. Those who were taking hawthorn extract had a significant decrease in blood pressure than the other group taking a placebo.
The scale of the risk of cardiovascular disease: The SCORE approach The assessment of individual risk for cardiovascular events is a Central aspect of the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). To this end, the SCORE developed scale (Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation) — a globally recognized and validated algorithm to estimate the 10‑year risk of a fatal cardiovascular event. Basics and development The SCORE scale is based on data from large-scale epidemiological studies conducted in several European countries. Overall, the cohorts were analyzed, with more than 200 000 participants, the main risk factors for cardiovascular identify diseases and to quantify their collective risk profile. The development of the scale was carried out, taking into account regional differences: There are separate models exist for high-risk and low-risk regions of Europe. Parameters of the SCORE calculation For the risk calculation, the following five independent risk factors be used: Age (Years, 35-70); Gender (male or female); Total cholesterol (mmol/l or mg/dl); ** systolic blood pressure** (mmHg); Smoking (active Smoking Yes/no). Each of these parameters contributes in varying degrees to the overall risk. Thus, an increased systolic blood pressure or elevated cholesterol, for example, the level of a significant increase in Risk. Interpretation of the results The result of the SCORE analysis is specified as a percentage of 10‑year risk: very low risk: <1%; low risk: ≥1%, but <5%; medium risk: ≥5%, but <10%; high risk: ≥10%. A Patient with a SCORE of 5% has heirs, therefore, a 5% probability of death within the next 10 years, the effects of a cardiovascular disease, if no preventive measures are taken. Clinical application and limitations The SCORE scale is primarily used in the primary prevention-that is, the identification of individuals without known cardiovascular disease, however, have an increased risk of h. It helps Physicians to develop individualized prevention strategies — for example, by recommendations for lifestyle change or the initiation of any drug therapy (e.g., lipid-lowering, antihypertensive drugs). Despite its usefulness, the scale also has limitations: They do not take into account all risk factors (e.g., family history of Diabetes mellitus, Obesity). The division into high — and low-risk regions can be styles in times of changing life and risk distributions to be out of date. The scale is for people under the age of 40 and 70 years, only a limited model. Conclusion The SCORE scale is a valuable tool for the objective assessment of the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Their width of validation, simplicity of application and the ability to modify risk factors, make it a cornerstone of cardiovascular prevention in European medicine. A critical Interpretation of the results, taking into account individual characteristics, however, remain necessary.